Sesame

Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Offered by Ferme Tourne-Sol

Growing sesame means adding a plant that is both decorative and useful to your vegetable garden. Native to warm regions, this annual herbaceous plant is known for its resistance to drought and its adaptation to well-drained soils.

It develops an erect, leafy stem that can reach 1 to 1.5 meters in height , with oval, slightly serrated leaves . In summer, it produces beautiful white or pinkish tubular flowers , which give way to elongated pods containing the precious seeds. These capsules turn brown at the end of the season and open slightly when they are ready to be harvested.

Type : Annual herbaceous plant
Plant habit : Upright
Spread : 30 to 50 cm
Plant height : 1 to 1.5 m
Quantity per pack : 100 seeds
Maturity : 90 to 120 days
Companion plants : Basil, coriander, eggplant, chili pepper
Enemy plants : Garlic, onion

Cultivation method

Sowing : Sesame is sown directly in the open ground after the last frosts, when the soil temperature reaches at least 21°C . For cooler climates, it is possible to start seedlings indoors 4 to 6 weeks before transplanting .

Soil and Location : This plant prefers a light, sandy, well-drained soil , enriched with organic matter to promote good growth. A location in full sun is essential to ensure optimal flowering and production.

Spacing and maintenance : Seeds should be sown in rows 60 cm apart, with 2 to 3 cm between each seed. Once the plants reach 10 cm , it is recommended to thin to 20-30 cm between plants to allow good development. Sesame tolerates drought well, but moderate and regular watering will promote better production.

Harvesting : Sesame matures in 90 to 120 days . When the pods turn brown and dry , they are ready to harvest. Simply cut the stalks and let them dry in a well-ventilated area before beating the capsules to release the seeds.

Use and benefits

Sesame seeds are highly valued in cooking for their delicate, slightly nutty flavor . They can be used whole, toasted, or ground in a wide variety of dishes, whether to flavor breads, salads, sauces, or Asian and Middle Eastern-inspired dishes. Sesame is also used for the production of oil, which is known for its richness in essential fatty acids and antioxidants .

Sesame is a fascinating crop, ideal for gardeners curious to try new varieties. Its ease of cultivation, tolerance to harsh conditions and many culinary uses make it an excellent choice for enriching your vegetable garden while diversifying your harvests.